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اولین کنگره بین المللی رویکردهای نوین سبک زندگی، پیشگیری و درمان سرطان
In Vitro and In Vivo Assay Toward a Promising Cancer Treatment Approach by Adoptive Cell Therapy
نویسندگان :
Ali Asghar Ahmadi (انستیتو پاستور ایران) , Mohsen Asouri (انستیتو پاستور ایران) , Morteza Gholami (دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران) , Mehrab Nasiri Kenari (University at Buffalo, State university of New York) , Mehdi Ahmadi (دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر)
کلمات کلیدی :
Cell Therapy،In Vitro،In Vivo
چکیده :
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is that involves extracting a patient's immune cells, modifying them to recognize and attack cancer cells, and then reinfusing them into the patient. Preclinical models are essential for evaluating the safety and efficacy of ACT before clinical trials. Cell lines are established cultures of cancer cells that can be easily manipulated and expanded in the laboratory. They are a readily available and cost-effective tool for studying the basic functions of CAR T cells, such as their ability to bind to cancer cells, produce cytokines, and kill tumor cells. However, cell lines often lack the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) found in vivo, which can limit their predictive value. Primary cultures are cultures derived directly from patient tumors. They offer a more realistic representation of the TME than cell lines, but they are more challenging to work with and may not be available for all patients. The cells involve implanting tumor pieces or cells directly from a patient into immunocompromised mice. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models provide the most realistic representation of the patient's tumor and TME, but they are also the most expensive and time-consuming to generate. The choice of preclinical model depends on the specific research question being addressed. In vitro models are useful for studying the basic functions of CAR T cells, while in vivo models are necessary for evaluating their safety and efficacy in a living organism. As the field of ACT continues to evolve, new and improved preclinical models are being developed to better predict clinical outcomes. Synthetic biology plays a growing role in ACT design (new receptors, genetic circuits, etc.). While not strictly a "preclinical model" tool, it's valuable to mention this. It might elaborate slightly more on what makes cell-based models unique, particularly as researchers attempt to better model complex tumor-immune system interactions. Different models have varying costs, complexity, and translational relevance. Choosing the right model depends on the specific research question and stage of ACT development. It would be helpful to briefly outline the main limitations of cell-line xenografts, humanized mice, and PDX models. This reinforces the concept that no single model is perfect. The field of ACT preclinical models is rapidly changing and standards for evaluating and comparing models are still evolving.
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