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صفحه اصلی
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اولین کنگره بین المللی رویکردهای نوین سبک زندگی، پیشگیری و درمان سرطان
Prevention and screening colorectal cancer in elderly: A systematic review
نویسندگان :
Hamed Savadkoohi (𝑠ℎ𝑎ℎ𝑖𝑑 𝐵𝑒ℎ𝑒𝑠ℎ𝑡𝑖 𝑈𝑛𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑂𝑓 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑆𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠)
کلمات کلیدی :
prevention & screening،elderly،colorectal cancer
چکیده :
Background: The aim of this study was to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward colorectal cancer prevention and screening in elderly.More than half of colorectal cancers occur in patients older than 75 years. This group is not homogeneous but variably vulnerable to disease, diagnostics, treatment procedures and complications.CRC is a common and preventable malignancy, and routine CRC screening is recommended for average risk individuals between the ages of 50 and 75 years.Prevention is the main strategy in order to reduce colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. It can be accomplished through primary prevention, using measures affecting factors known to confer higher risk of colorectal cancer, or through secondary prevention, aimed at early diagnosis of cancer or preneoplastic lesions in groups of subjects at increased risk of cancer.Colorectal cancer and precancerous adenomas disproportionately affect the elderly, necessitating the need for screening and surveillance in this group. However, screening and surveillance decisions in the elderly can be challenging. Special considerations such as comorbid medical conditions, functional status, and cognitive ability play a role in one's decisions regarding the utility of screening and surveillance as well as the success and safety of various screening modalities. This article explores the evidence for screening and surveillance in the elderly, and addresses key challenges unique to this population. Methods: A survey was carried out based on a selection of the relevant literature. In this systematic review, four online databases (PubMed, Scopus, web of Science, ProQuest) from related articles from 2017-2021 were searched for related keywords. The quality of articles was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) criterion. Results: The number of publications is now rapidly increasing, and even now it is becoming apparent that the assessment of the elderly for the prevention and screening of colorectal cancers better predicts treatment-related side effects and their economic costs and psychological and quality of life And enable more individual assessment of symptoms for surgical and pharmacological diagnosis and screening. Conclusion: This review highlights the age-specific aspects of diagnostics,prevention and screening, in geriatric. primary prevention should be the goal for future years, because it acts on the probable causes of colorectal cancer, at present it seems that secondary prevention is more effective on colorectal cancer survival, and the approaches which have yielded the most satisfying results, in terms of reduced mortality for cancer, are those aimed at detecting preneoplastic lesions, or cancer at an early stage in selected groups of subjects at average or increased risk of colorectal cancer. These groups are subjects aged 50 years or older, affected individuals (gene carriers) or family members of hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes (i.e., Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis), and patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. The most effective procedures used, though with some drawbacks, are fecal occult blood tests and colonoscopy. Future research should be addressed to find new approaches that will render preventive strategies more acceptable for the population, and more cost-effective. Legal entity responsible for the study:The author Funding:Has not received any funding Disclosure:All authors have declared no conflicts of interest
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