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صفحه اصلی
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اولین کنگره بین المللی رویکردهای نوین سبک زندگی، پیشگیری و درمان سرطان
Nursing care in radiotherapy
نویسندگان :
Hedayat Jafari (دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران)
کلمات کلیدی :
side effects،radiotherapy،necessary care
چکیده :
Backgroun: Radiotherapy is one of the treatments that, in addition to wide benefits, also has certain side effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the condition of cancer patients after therapeutic interventions and necessary care during and after radiotherapy. Methods: This review study was done using the available Persian and English language databases. Keywords include cancer, nursing care, radiotherapy complications. The articles of the last ten years and the latest edition of related books were examined. Results: Nursing care includes teaching the patient and his companion, care before, during and after radiotherapy, which is mentioned below: Teaching the patient about: Timely and regular attendance at radiotherapy sessions, Erasing or not moving the signs or points of tumor placement and radiation, Immobilization of the patient during the radiation (not moving the radiation), No sunlight to the treated skin, Adequate nutrition and proper rest during treatment, Absence of cold or warm body compresses during radiotherapy (due to skin sensitivity), Using lukewarm water if needed to wash the treatment area, Being aware of the physician's medical or nutritional treatment. Nutrition during radiotherapy includes: Provision of sufficient calories and abundant proteins, use of appetizing foods (due to nausea - swallowing disorder), Using small, fresh food often Attention to the factors that increase the patient's skin reactions: Smoking and smoking, taking chemotherapy drugs at the same time as radiotherapy, moist and warm treatment area, and skin friction with clothes Chronic skin allergies Care during radiotherapy (skin care): Keeping the skin clean and dry, Not using strong detergents, Keeping the skin moist (not using lotion, perfume, powder, cosmetics, adhesives or fragrances), Not using moisturizer on an open wound, No rubbing or massaging the treated area, Wearing clothes with cotton fibers and loose, not exposing the skin to very hot or cold temperatures, even heating pads, hot water bottles, ice, etc., Not using aftershave after trimming the hair in the treated area, Do not use sunscreen on the treated skin for the rest of your life, Not washing purple marks in the treatment area or glue poi, Not scrubbing the skin of the treated area, Not using hot tubs, saunas, heating pads and ice packs, Not using adhesive tape or adhesive bandages on the skin Diet during radiotherapy includes: Having a balanced diet with foods rich in protein and calories, Drink plenty of fluids, Consult a physician before taking any vitamins, herbal medicines or supplements Control of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea according to the following points: Consumption of low-fiber, soft foods, Not consuming spicy, fried, fatty or carbonated foods, Not consuming foods with a lot of sugar Dealing with fatigue by observing the following tips: At least 8 hours of sleep per night, Short rest during the day, Short walk in the day, Spending energy on doing the most important things, and Not overdoing things. The following symptoms should be reported to the physician: Redness and itching, Discomfort, Blisters or secretions, Bleeding Difficulty breathing or swallowing, Severe confusion or difficulty waking up, and Seizures or fainting Referral of the patient to the medical service center: Sore throat, White spots in the mouth or throat, Fever of 38 degrees or higher, Severe nausea or vomiting, New or worsening bleeding and bruising, Pain that does not improve with medication, melena, Inability to eat due to mouth sores or nausea, Severe cough or hoarseness, and Painful swelling or redness in the legs Conclusion: By following the points mentioned in the findings, possible side effects caused by radiotherapy can be avoided.
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